Human papillomavirus 58 (HPV58) is a high-risk type of Alphapapillomavirus with a circular double-stranded DNA genome. It infects mucosal epithelium of the anogenital tract and belongs to the alpha 9 species group. Persistent infection with HPV58 can lead to high-grade neoplasia and cancer.
Virology & Oncogenic Mechanisms
HPV58 is recognised as one of the high‑risk papillomavirus types. Its genome encodes early proteins E1–E7 that hijack the host DNA replication machinery and late structural proteins L1 and L2 that form the viral capsid. Oncoproteins E6 and E7 bind and degrade tumour suppressors p53 and retinoblastoma proteins, disrupting cell‑cycle checkpoints. Following attachment to heparan sulfate proteoglycans, HPV58 enters basal keratinocytes and maintains its genome as a circular episome. Viral replication is linked to epithelial differentiation; integration of viral DNA and constitutive E6/E7 expression are associated with malignant progression. HPV16 and HPV18 are responsible for most HPV-related cancers, but high‑risk types including 31, 33, 45, 52 and 58 collectively account for about 15 % of cervical cancers.
Clinical Impact and Prevention
HPV58 infection is particularly prevalent in East Asia and Latin America and is associated with high‑grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. It may also contribute to cancers of the vagina, vulva, anus and penis. Many infections are transient and cleared by the immune system, but persistent infection increases the risk of progression to malignancy. The nonavalent vaccine includes HPV58 along with types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45 and 52, providing direct protection against this type. Regular cervical screening with Pap cytology and high‑risk HPV DNA tests permits early detection of HPV58‑associated lesions. Practicing safer sex and vaccinating adolescents before sexual debut are key preventive strategies.
HPV58 is a high‑risk papillomavirus whose persistent infection can cause cervical and other anogenital cancers, especially in regions where it is more prevalent. Vaccination and screening help to control disease due to this type.
Related Terms: HPV16, HPV18, HPV52, Nonavalent vaccine, Alpha 9 species group