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  1. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is not an autotroph. Autotrophs are organisms capable of producing their own food using inorganic substances, such as carbon dioxide and sunlight. However, E. coli is a heterotrophic bacterium, meaning it relies on external sources of organic carbon and energy to survive and grow. Specifically, E. coli obtains its nutrients by consuming organic compounds present in its environment, such as sugars and amino acids. Therefore, E. coli cannot synthesize its own food from inorganic sources and is classified as a heterotroph.

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