Bacteria
High-Pressure Autoclaves: Why Your Lab Might Need One and How to Choose
Why Consider High-Pressure Autoclaves? Standard tabletop units max out at 30 psi. High-pressure models (up to 45 psi) reach 138 °C, cutting prion … Read more
The Importance of Temperature-Controlled Water Baths in Microbiology: Precision and Reliability
Why Temperature Control Is Critical Microbial enzymes are exquisitely temperature‑dependent. A 2022 Applied and Environmental Microbiology study of 48 E. … Read more
Understanding the Olympus CH-2 Microscope: Parts and Labeled Diagrams
Overview of the Olympus CH‑2 Series Released in the late 1980s, the Olympus CH‑2 quickly became a staple in teaching … Read more
Snail Knobs: Unique Structural Features and Biological Functions Explained
Introduction Snail shells often display striking protrusions known as knobs—tiny, calcified bumps that can transform an ordinary spiral into a … Read more
AtoAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM): Essential Parts and Their Functions Explained
Principle of AFM Atomic Force Microscopy uses a nanometer‑scale cantilever tip to map surface topography with sub‑angstrom vertical resolution. The … Read more
Bacteroides fragilis
Bacteroides fragilis is a Gram negative pleomorphic rod shaped bacteria. It is an obligate anaerobic, non-spore forming, non-motile bacterium. Bacteroides … Read more
Spore Forming Bacteria
Spore-forming bacteria are those bacteria that can form spores under unfavourable conditions. Spores are the dormant form of bacteria that … Read more
Is Peptidoglycan a polysaccharide found only in bacteria?
Peptidoglycan is the monomeric form of carbohydrate that is found in bacteria only. This peptidoglycan is the polymers of sugar … Read more