Centrifuge machine

It is used for centrifugation

Principle:

Separate molecule on the basis of size and density. If size decrease it required high centrifugation

The method in which we increase gravity by increasing rotation the increase in the centrifugal force

Relative Centrifugal Force/RPM:

Gravity produced in centrifuge is RCF. The speed at which centrifuge machine rotate if ‘g’ value is known we can calculate rpm. If we have rpm we can calculate ‘g’ value by

RCF(g)=11.81x(RPM/1000)²

We can calculate RPM by

RPM= 299.07 √RCF/r

‘r’ it is the radius of rotor

TYPES OF CENTRIFUGE MACHINE:

On the basis of RCF /speed

LOW-SPEED CENTRIFUGE:

Rotate till 10,000 rpm

High-speed centrifuge:

Revolution till 30,000rpm

Ultra-Centrifugation:

Higher than 30,000rpm

Parts:

ROTOR:

Bucket in which we place tubes it rotates by a motor (fixed angle rotor)

MOTOR

TACHOMETER:

adjust rpm /min and also help in calibration of rpm. Digital tachometer is also available.

IMBALANCE DETECTOR

REFRIGERATION:

provides a cooling system because when the motor rotates fast it generates heat.

VACUUM PUMP:

when the speed reaches to the 30,000-rpm vacuum pump remove the air to control the speed

LID:

it is important to close the lid otherwise machine stop. In any emergency case (spill or breakage of tubes lid will b remain close even the machine stops and then there is a hole present due to which we open the lid with the help of key

SCREEN

SWING BUCKET:

when rotor moves bucket also moves in a vertical position. we can centrifuge

96 well plate also it is used for small pallets. Each rotor has a specific capacity. We can use different/multiple rotors in one machine

ADOPTOR:

carry tubes in a rotor

POTENTIOMETER:

control electric current potential. Provide high speed to the rotor. It is present in a motor.

CALIBRATION:

temperature calibration is done by thermometer and time by timer

CLEANING:

with brush and water and then lubricate it after washing

STERILIZATION:

70% alcohol is used

DENSITY GRADIENT CENTRIFUGATION:

separation on the basis of density different layers are formed. According to density sample preparation in that specific layer.

Polystyrenes tubes are use

In ultra-centrifugation metal, tubes are used

BRAKE:

deaccelerate the speed to stop suddenly, the centrifugation