Discover how bacteriophage therapy uses bacteria-killing viruses to combat antimicrobial resistance, target superbugs, disrupt biofilms, and support future treatments.
Discover how bacterial plasmids and horizontal gene transfer (conjugation, transformation, and transduction) disseminate antibiotic resistance superpower genes across microbial communities.
A comprehensive guide to viral cytopathic effects (CPE) in cell culture: cell rounding, syncytia, inclusion bodies, vacuolation, microscopy identification, and diagnostic significance.
An exhaustive microbiological guide to Salmonella: historical discoveries, Typhoid Mary case study, S. enterica subspecies, typhoidal vs non-typhoidal pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prevention.
Clinical microbiology guide to Mycobacterium abscessus: subspecies taxonomy, rapid-growing acid-fast physiology, pulmonary and soft tissue infections, and antibiotic regimens.
Comprehensive overview of Enterococcus faecalis: phenotypic characteristics, extreme alkali tolerance, biofilm formation, nosocomial infections, and antibiotic resistance management.
An authoritative clinical guide to Clostridium sordellii: anaerobic morphology, lethal and hemorrhagic exotoxins, toxic shock syndrome pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment.
A comprehensive guide to flexible and rigid bronchoscopes: optical principles, core mechanical components, diagnostic airway indications, risks, and clinical procedure steps.
Discover how bacterial DNA methylation, Dam methyltransferases, and phasevarions regulate gene expression, pili phase variation, and virulence without altering the genetic code.
Explore Atopobium vaginae, a fastidious anaerobic bacterium implicated in bacterial vaginosis biofilms, diagnostic criteria (Amsel and Nugent), and clindamycin antimicrobial treatment.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a multiple antibiotics resistant gram negative bacillus isolated from water and other environmental sources. It is an opportunistic pathogen with high morbidity and high mortality rate among hospitalised patients. It mostly causes diseases in hospitalised and immunocompromised patients. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an important causing nosocomial pathogen.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is mainly responsible for causing respiratory disease but it also causes non respiratory problems such as neurological, cardiac, hepatic problems, polyarthritis, erythema multiforme and hemolytic anemia.
Mycoplasma hominis colonize the urogenital tract. It is involved in reproductive system diseases and is more frequent in females than males. It causes pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and also involved in bacterial vaginosis.
Mycoplasma gallisepticum is a pathogen of avian species and it does not cause disease in humans. Even eating infected eggs don't harm humans. But don't use antibiotics treated eggs.
Mycoplasma bovis is one of significant members of Mycoplasma group. Mycoplasma bovis was first isolated in 1961 in USA. It was discovered from a cow suffering with severe case of mastitis. Mycoplasma bovis spread due to the movement of animals to various part of world.
