Operon model was proposed by Francois Jacob and Jacques Monod.The operons are the genes that are coded for related protein. Operon consists of a regulator, promoter and the structural genes. Eukaryotic DNA has one operon for one gene that encodes only one protein. Prokaryotic DNA may have one operon for one or more protein as they have small DNA. They may encode two or three protein from the same promoter.
Some bacteria produce heat- sensitive toxins that are destroyed by cooking. Even small fluctuations in temperature, toxins protein denatures and breaks. When toxins protein chain breaks, it’s function loss. It is unable to produce the disease.
Acid-fast bacteria are those bacteria that have mycolic acid in their cell wall. These bacteria stain acid-fast positive. This bacterium was first discovered...
Encapsulated bacteria are those bacteria that contain polysaccharide capsule around their cell wall Examples: Streptococcus pneumonia, Hemophilus influenza...
Filamentous bacteria are those bacteria that produce long mesh-like filament by growing end to end. These bacteria are seen as long strands under the microscope. These bacteria are present in sludge areas for better settling. They are also present in water treatment areas.
Aerobic bacteria are those that can survive or grow in the presence of oxygen. They may be obligate aerobes, facultative aerobes or Microaerophilic.
These bacteria deposit iron and store iron as storage granules. These bacteria cause iron to react with oxygen and form rust. They form sticky slime layers that allow them to attach and grow. These bacteria oxidize dissolved ferrous in the surroundings and use energy to survive and grow in the environment.
Photosynthetic bacteria are those bacteria that can prepare their own food by fixing the CO2 present in the environment. These bacteria can convert light energy into chemical energy and use it for their metabolism.CO2 + H2O ➝ C6H12O6 + O2
